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ThatPainter
Cat’s Cradle

How to Make String Figures Between Your Fingers

Make Cat’s Cradle from one untwisted loop, then learn the finger transfers that create Soldier’s Bed and Diamonds.

By ThatPainter Team 5 min read
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To make a basic Cat’s Cradle, use one smooth, untwisted loop of string. Put four fingers of each hand through the loop, spread your hands, wrap each near string once around its hand, then lift the palm strings with your middle fingers. The crossed loops and straight strings form the opening figure called the Cradle. A partner can then transform it into Soldier’s Bed, Diamonds, and other figures by picking up and releasing particular strings.

What a string figure is

A string figure is a design made from one continuous loop manipulated mainly with the fingers. Cat’s Cradle usually means a sequence shared by two players: one person makes a figure, the other takes it and changes it, and the first player receives the strings again. A solo string figure can be made without that hand-to-hand transfer.

There is no single worldwide set of names or moves. Openings, purposes and patterns differ between communities. The International String Figure Association says string figures have been recorded across East Asia, Australia, Africa, the Arctic, the Americas and the Pacific Islands, for storytelling, competitions, luck and recreation. It reports that instructions for more than 2,000 traditional patterns have been published since 1888, when Franz Boas described how to make an Inuit (then termed “Eskimo”) string figure.

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Choose and prepare the string

  • Use one continuous loop of smooth cord or string with no knot in the working area.
  • Make the loop large enough to pass comfortably over both hands while leaving slack for your middle fingers to lift the palm strings.
  • Check that the loop is untwisted before starting. A hidden half-twist changes which strings cross and can make the opening fail.
  • For practice, a contrasting color and a slightly larger loop make individual strands easier to see.

The historical instructions do not establish one required length, diameter or material. Fit is therefore practical: adjust the loop for the player’s hand size rather than treating a particular measurement as a rule.

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Make the Cradle opening

  1. Hold the untwisted loop and pass all four fingers of each hand through it. Keep your thumbs outside the loop.
  2. Separate your hands until the loop is lightly tensioned.
  3. With the right thumb and index finger, take the string nearest you on the left side. Turn it away from you across the left palm, then toward you across the back of the left hand, and bring it to the right between the left thumb and index finger. Repeat the same operation on the right hand.
  4. Look for two strings across the back of each hand and one string crossing each palm.
  5. Use each middle finger to lift the string crossing its own palm. This move is called “Opening A” in Caroline F. Jayne’s instructions.

You now have the Cradle: crossed middle-finger loops with straight near and far strings. Keep the tension even and avoid letting any loop slide over the wrong finger.

Pass the Cradle to Soldier’s Bed

This is a two-player transfer. The person holding the Cradle performs the pickup while the partner supplies the release at the end.

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  1. On each side, pinch the crossed strings between that hand’s thumb and index finger.
  2. Pull the pinched strings outward, then move them down and under the straight strings on the same side.
  3. Bring both thumb-and-index pairs up through the central opening.
  4. Have the other player release the strings when your fingers are in position.
  5. Spread your hands and separate the thumb-and-index pairs. The transferred arrangement is commonly called Soldier’s Bed.

Pass the Cradle to Diamonds

  1. Insert the thumb and index finger of each hand from below through the central opening.
  2. Pinch the crossed side strings.
  3. Pull those strings inward, then down and under the straight strings on their respective sides.
  4. Bring the thumb-and-index pairs down through the central opening.
  5. As the other player releases, spread your hands to open the diamond-shaped arrangement.

How the figures differ

Figure or stage Players Key pickup Partner release needed? What to watch
Cradle opening One person can make it; commonly the start of a two-player game Middle fingers lift the palm strings No for the opening Keep the loop untwisted and the crossed middle-finger loops distinct
Soldier’s Bed Two-player sequence Thumb and index pinch crossed strings, travel under straight strings, then rise through the center Yes Do not release before the receiving fingers are through the center
Diamonds Two-player sequence Thumb and index enter from below, pull crossed strings inward and under, then descend through the center Yes Keep left and right crossings symmetrical

A Cat’s Cradle sequence may continue through more transformations, or stop when someone makes a mistake or produces a figure that cannot be changed further. Names and exact moves can vary by tradition.

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Fix common beginner problems

The opening looks tangled

Set the loop down, trace it around both hands, and remove every half-twist before restarting. Check that each hand has two back-of-hand strings and one palm string before lifting with the middle fingers.

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A loop slips off a finger

Use lighter tension and move one finger at a time. A larger loop can provide enough slack for practice, but an overly large loop is harder to control.

The transfer will not open

Confirm whether the pickup is meant to go under the straight side strings and whether the thumb-index pair should rise or descend through the center. In Soldier’s Bed the pair rises; in Diamonds it descends. The partner should release only after the receiving fingers are correctly positioned.

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The two sides do not match

Pause before spreading your hands and compare the left and right thumb-index positions. Asymmetry usually means one side picked up a neighboring string instead of the crossed side string.

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Safety and accessibility

  • Keep tension light and stop if the cord pinches skin, causes pain or affects circulation.
  • Use a larger loop or thicker, high-contrast cord if small strands are difficult to see.
  • Practice the opening one hand at a time before attempting a partner transfer.
  • Agree on a release signal so the receiving player is never surprised.

Where Cat’s Cradle comes from

The Aratoi Wairarapa Museum cites Abraham Tucker’s 1768 The Light of Nature Pursued as the first known reference. Tucker described a game in which one person ties the ends of packthread, winds it around the fingers, and another takes it off in a new shape, alternating through many figures. This describes the essential hand-to-hand character of Cat’s Cradle, although the names and sequences used today are not identical everywhere.

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A detailed reference for more patterns

Caroline F. Jayne’s String Figures and How to Make Them: A Study of Cat’s Cradle in Many Lands is a 1962 Courier Corporation reprint with 407 pages and instructions for 107 figures. Its step sketches were designed to help beginners follow the moves without a teacher. It is useful after the Cradle, Soldier’s Bed and Diamonds because it presents many regional variations rather than one supposedly universal sequence.

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