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Illuminating India

In Photos: Impressions of India from the Dawn of Photography to the 21st Century

A chronological selection of photographs of India—from 19th-century portraits to Homai Vyarawalla’s 1947 public scene and Vasantha Yogananthan’s contemporary work—originally presented alongside a 2017 Science Museum exhibition.

By ThatPainter Team 2 min read
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This photo essay follows a selection of images of India from photography’s early years to contemporary practice. The selection ranges from court portraits and public events to a modern photographic project, and includes both Indian photographers and Europeans who photographed India. It accompanied the Science Museum’s 2017 exhibition Illuminating India; it is an illustrated historical selection, not a comprehensive account of every tradition in Indian photography.

What the photo essay covers

Quartz presented “Impressions of India from the dawn of photography to the 21st century” as a chronological look at photographs made in or about India. Its selection reached back to 1857 and continued to contemporary work. Scroll republished the essay as “How photography evolved in India, from 1857 to the 21st century.” Read the Quartz photo essay or view Scroll’s republication and captions.

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The photographers named include Ahmad Ali Khan, Homai Vyarawalla, and Vasantha Yogananthan, as well as European photographers such as Henri Cartier-Bresson. This mix makes the selection a record of different photographic relationships to India, rather than a single national style or uninterrupted story of the medium.

From early portraits to public life

Among the essay’s early examples are a court portrait dated 1860 and an 1870 self-portrait described in its caption as a Shiva bhakt. A wedding portrait dated between 1920 and 1940 adds another kind of intimate, social subject. Together, these images show portraiture as a recurring thread across the selection, while their dates and settings point to distinct contexts rather than a uniform practice.

Vyarawalla’s photograph of Lord Mountbatten among crowds outside Parliament House in Delhi on August 15, 1947, shifts the focus from posed portraiture to a public occasion. Its placement in the essay connects photography with a moment of political change, while the image remains one particular view within the wider history.

Contemporary work and the exhibition setting

The selection extends into the 21st century with photographs by Vasantha Yogananthan from A Myth of Two Souls, made in 2015 and 2016. These contemporary images sit alongside historical portraits and documentary views, underscoring the essay’s broad chronological reach without suggesting that one project represents contemporary Indian photography as a whole.

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The Science Museum in London presented the selection from October 4, 2017, as part of Illuminating India. Quartz framed the exhibition in relation to the 70th anniversary of India’s independence from British rule. Those dates describe a past exhibition, not a current listing or indication that the show remains on view.

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Credits and how to use the captions

The reproduced captions credit collections and galleries including the Alkazi Foundation for the Arts, the Trustees of the Maharaja Sawai Man Singh II Museum, Galerie Thomas Zander, and Vasantha Yogananthan. Credits are specific to individual images: consult the caption attached to a photograph before attributing it, and do not assume that appearance in an article grants permission to reuse the image.

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