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flag design

Flag of Yemen: Colors, Design and Meaning

Yemen’s flag has equal horizontal red, white and black bands and a legally specified 2:3 height-to-length ratio. Here is what the 1990 law says about its design and display.

By ThatPainter Team 2 min read
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Yemen’s national flag is a horizontal tricolor of red, white and black, with three equal bands in that order from top to bottom. The 1990 law specifying the design also sets the flag’s width at two-thirds of its length, a height-to-length ratio of 2:3.

What does the flag of Yemen look like?

The flag is a rectangle divided into three equal horizontal bands: red at the top, white in the middle and black at the bottom. There is no emblem in the design specified by the 1990 law.

For a correctly proportioned flag, the vertical width is two-thirds of its horizontal length. In other words, a flag that is 3 metres long would be 2 metres wide. This is the proportion given in Article 2 of the law, not a required physical size.

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What do the colors on Yemen’s flag mean?

The 1990 law names the colors and their order but does not assign meanings to them. The legal source therefore does not establish interpretations such as unity, sacrifice, a bright future or a dark past. Those claims need a separate, reliable source before they can be presented as authoritative.

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When was the flag adopted?

Presidency Council Decision by Law No. 1 of 1990 is dated 22 May 1990, the date of Yemen’s unification. A 2012 U.S. Army Geospatial Center publication also gives 22 May 1990 as the flag’s adoption date. Before unification, the northern and southern Yemeni flags both used red, white and black stripes but had additional distinguishing symbols, according to that publication. The sources cited here do not establish the exact emblems or adoption dates of those earlier flags.

What does the law say about displaying the flag?

The law identifies official display locations, including designated Presidency Council and government premises, the council president’s residence, Yemeni diplomatic missions abroad, and Yemeni-registered ships and aircraft. It permits private buildings to display the flag on public or private holidays and celebrations. Government buildings are to fly it on official holidays and public occasions from sunrise to sunset.

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The law also contains provisions concerning flags that fail to meet its specifications, use of the national flag as a trademark or for advertising, and display of torn or unsuitable flags. These are provisions in the 1990 text; they should not be taken on their own as confirmation of current enforcement or penalties.

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What is the legal specification?

Article 2 of Presidency Council Decision by Law No. 1 of 1990 describes the flag as rectangular, with its width two-thirds of its length, and made of three equal rectangles extending along its length. The legal text is in Arabic: “يكون العلم مستطيل الشكل عرضه ثلثا طوله يتكون من ثلاثة مستطيلات متساوية الأبعاد بطول العلم.” A direct translation is: “The flag shall be rectangular in shape, its width two-thirds of its length, and it shall consist of three rectangles of equal dimensions along the length of the flag.”

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The law is the basis for the design and display details above. The Constitution separately groups the flag with the emblem and national anthem under Part Four.

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