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The Conargo Feedlot at Boonoke Station near Deniliquin installed nine Rhino rural tanks during construction in 2017. Each tank is rated at 275,284 litres, and Kingspan’s case study reports a combined capacity of 2,477,556 litres. Eight tanks supply feedlot operations; the ninth captures rainwater runoff from shed roofs. That arrangement shows how a large agricultural site can separate operational storage from harvested runoff instead of treating every tank as an identical part of one system.
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The figures come from Kingspan Water Tanks’ case study, while the project was also listed in a 12 February 2020 Architecture & Design product-news article. They describe one installation, not a universal water requirement for every feedlot. Actual sizing depends on livestock numbers, climate, water sources, peak demand, fire or emergency reserves, and local approvals.
The Deniliquin project at a glance
| Item | Reported detail | Source and qualification |
|---|---|---|
| Project | Conargo Feedlot, Boonoke Station near Deniliquin, New South Wales | Kingspan Water Tanks case study |
| Installation year | 2017, during feedlot construction | Kingspan case study |
| Number of tanks | 9 Rhino rural tanks | Kingspan case study |
| Capacity per tank | 275,284 L | Kingspan case study |
| Combined stated capacity | 2,477,556 L | Kingspan case study; this equals nine times the stated individual capacity |
| Operational allocation | 8 tanks supply the feedlot; 1 captures shed runoff | James Sage, Conargo Feedlot manager, quoted by Kingspan |
| Feedlot scale | Capacity for 5,000 cattle and 15,000 sheep on a 48,000-hectare property | Figures attributed to Kingspan’s case study |
The arithmetic is useful for understanding the layout. Eight operational tanks represent 2,202,272 litres when the reported per-tank figure is multiplied by eight; the runoff tank represents another 275,284 litres. Those are calculated allocations, not a metered measure of usable water. Outlet levels, sediment, maintenance reserves and operating limits can reduce the volume available at any particular time.
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Why the installation used nine tanks
A feedlot’s water system has more than one job. It must provide dependable water for daily operations, while roofs and hardstand areas can generate stormwater that is better collected and managed separately. At Conargo, the manager described a clear division: eight tanks feed the operation and one stores rainwater runoff from the sheds.
Separating the functions can simplify pipework and monitoring. A tank dedicated to harvested runoff can be connected to roof drainage and overflow controls, while the operational group can be managed as a supply bank. The case study does not publish the pipe diameters, pump sizes, interconnections, control logic or reserve levels, so those details should not be inferred from the tank count.
What the eight supply tanks do—and do not—prove
Eight tanks give the project a large nominal supply volume, but the case study does not provide daily consumption, refill rates, bore or mains yields, rainfall records, evaporation losses, or the number of days of autonomy required. Consequently, the installation cannot be used to claim that every feedlot with 5,000 cattle and 15,000 sheep needs exactly eight tanks or 2.2 million litres of operational storage.
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The ninth tank’s role is described as capturing runoff from sheds, rather than supplying the feedlot’s normal water demand. That distinction matters when designing a system: harvested rainwater can arrive in short, high-volume events, while livestock and cleaning demand occur on a different schedule. The collection area, rainfall intensity, first-flush arrangements, sediment controls and overflow destination determine how much of the nominal tank volume can be captured and used.
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How much storage does a feedlot need?
There is no single answer based only on head count. A defensible design starts with a site-specific water balance. Use measured or contractually guaranteed inputs wherever possible, then test the system against dry periods and peak operating conditions.
- Define every demand. List livestock drinking water, cleaning, dust suppression, processing, staff facilities, fire protection and any other uses. Record each demand by day and by season rather than relying on an annual average.
- Separate sources. Identify rainwater, dams, bores, mains supply, recycled water and tanker deliveries. For each source, document its sustainable yield, reliability, treatment requirements and legal restrictions.
- Set a reliability target. Decide how many days the site must operate without rainfall, pumping, mains supply or a planned delivery. The target should reflect animal welfare obligations and the consequences of an interruption.
- Model inflows and losses. Include roof catchment, rainfall variability, evaporation, leaks, sediment exclusion, dead storage and the water retained below usable outlet levels.
- Choose reserve volumes. Keep operational water distinct from emergency, fire or contaminated-water storage where regulations or risk assessments require it. Do not count the same litres twice.
- Test peak scenarios. Run the balance for hot weather, maximum occupancy, pump outages and consecutive dry weeks. A tank bank sized only for average conditions can still fail during the period when demand is highest.
- Verify the civil and hydraulic design. Confirm foundations, access, wind exposure, pipework, pumps, overflow routes, isolation valves and inspection access with qualified engineers and local authorities.
The Conargo numbers provide a scale reference for bulk rural water storage, not the missing inputs in this calculation. A farm manager can use the reported 275,284-litre unit size as one option in a design study, then select the number of units from the resulting water balance.
What the manager said influenced the choice
James Sage, identified in the case study as Conargo Feedlot manager, described several selection criteria. His first was economics at the scale required: “Firstly it came down to price per litre because we had to put so many [tanks] in.” For a multi-tank project, comparing installed cost per usable litre can reveal differences that a price-per-unit comparison hides.
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Sage also cited warranty coverage: “Then there was the 20-year warranty on them. They’ve got one of the better warranties out there.” This is the manager’s stated reason for choosing the tanks. The case study does not set out the warranty’s exclusions, inspection obligations, transfer terms or whether every current model has identical coverage, so buyers should obtain the written warranty for the exact model and installation.
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Local availability was another factor. Sage said, “We also tried to keep it as local as we could and there was a Kingspan in town so we decided to go there. We knew it was a trusted brand as lots of farmers around here have their tanks.” A nearby supplier can affect delivery, lifting equipment, installation support and response time, but local presence is not a substitute for checking engineering, service and spare-part arrangements.
These criteria—price per litre, warranty, local supply, perceived brand trust, design and installation convenience—are project-specific decision factors. The case study does not present a controlled comparison with other tank manufacturers, so it should not be read as an independent ranking of brands.
Rhino rural tank range and construction claims
Kingspan states that its Rhino rural range covers capacities from 26,000 to 365,000 litres. The Conargo units sit toward the upper end of that range at 275,284 litres each. A smaller farm may need fewer or smaller tanks; a large site may prefer multiple units for staged expansion, maintenance isolation or geographic separation.
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The manufacturer describes the tanks as using BlueScope steel with a five-layer food-grade polyethylene liner. Those are manufacturer-provided construction statements. They describe the product specification, not an independent certification of every installation condition. Before specifying a tank for drinking water, confirm the applicable Australian standards, material approvals and water-quality requirements for the intended use.
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Installation and operation at Conargo
Sage reported that the lining remained in good condition and that he had seen no contamination. He also described the installation as straightforward: “It was just so easy because it was all installed onsite, we just hooked up the water, set them in place and then filled them all the way up.” This is a customer account of that project, not an independent installation test or a guarantee that every site will have the same ground, access or lifting conditions.
Large tanks still require a prepared base and a coordinated hydraulic layout. Before delivery, confirm that trucks and cranes can reach the site, that the foundation is designed for the filled load, and that inlets, outlets, overflows and drains can be isolated for maintenance. Keep vehicle traffic, livestock and stored materials away from valves and inspection points.
Checks after commissioning
- Inspect the liner, roof or cover, fittings and visible seams before filling.
- Fill in a controlled sequence while watching for movement, leaks or settlement.
- Test isolation valves, pumps, level indicators, overflow paths and alarms.
- Record initial levels and water quality results appropriate to the intended use.
- Label each tank by function so operational and runoff water are not connected accidentally.
Designing a runoff-capture tank
A shed-runoff tank should be sized from catchment area, local rainfall and the fraction of water that can actually be collected. Roof condition, gutters, debris screens, first-flush diversion and sediment loads affect usable yield. An engineer or water specialist should also check whether the stored water is suitable for livestock, cleaning or another purpose, and specify treatment if required.
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Maintenance and risk controls for a multi-tank bank
Nine tanks create redundancy, but they also create nine sets of fittings, access points and inspection records. Establish a written schedule that covers tank exteriors, liners where accessible, roofs, vents, screens, valves, pumps, float controls, overflow channels and foundations. Inspect after severe weather and after any work that could introduce sediment or chemicals.
Use isolation valves so one tank can be taken offline without stopping the entire supply. Keep a current diagram showing tank numbers, capacities, pipe routes, water sources and destinations. Measure levels and water quality often enough to identify unexplained losses, contamination or a failed gauge before the problem affects livestock.
What this case study can—and cannot—tell a buyer
| Question | What is established | What still requires site-specific work |
|---|---|---|
| How many tanks were installed? | Nine Rhino rural tanks in 2017 | Whether nine is appropriate for another property |
| How large are they? | 275,284 L each; 2,477,556 L stated total | Usable volume after reserves, dead storage and operating limits |
| How were they allocated? | Eight for feedlot supply; one for shed runoff | Pipework, pumps, controls and water-quality separation |
| What drove the purchase? | Price per litre, 20-year warranty, local availability, trust and convenience, according to the manager | Current quotation, warranty terms, delivery cost and comparative offers |
| How did they perform? | The manager reported good liner quality and no contamination | Independent testing, long-term structural assessment and performance under another site’s conditions |
The practical lesson is not that one tank count fits every feedlot. It is that a high-capacity installation should be planned as a water system: quantify demand, separate water sources and uses, provide safe overflow and maintenance access, and compare the installed cost and support package rather than tank price alone. The Deniliquin project demonstrates one way to apply that process at substantial agricultural scale.
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