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art history

Christmas Cards: Their History, Designs and How to Make Your Own

From Henry Cole's 1843 commission to Victorian paper-lace designs, explore Christmas card history and learn how to make a printable or painted card.

By ThatPainter Team 4 min read
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Christmas cards began as a printed greeting people could personalize by hand. The first widely credited example dates to 1843, when British civil servant Henry Cole commissioned artist John Callcott Horsley to design one. Today, cards range from printed assortments to handmade, painted and printable designs—and you can choose or create one to suit the message you want to send.

Who sent the first Christmas card?

Henry Cole commissioned the card generally credited as the first known printed Christmas card in 1843. The Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) identifies artist John Callcott Horsley as its designer. Cole’s diary entry of 17 December 1843, quoted by the museum, reads: “In the Evg Horsley came & brought his design for Christmas Cards”. V&A: The first Christmas card

The card joined celebration with charity. Its hand-coloured central panel showed three generations of Cole’s family raising a toast; scenes of charitable giving framed it. A printer produced 1,000 copies that recipients could personalize with a handwritten greeting. Cole offered them for a shilling apiece. The V&A describes that price as expensive for the time and the venture as a commercial flop—not an overnight mass-market success.

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Katy Sue Christmas Garden Picket Fence Card Making Kit - 8 Shaped Cards, Die-Cut Embellishments, Background Scenes, Foam Pads, Instructions & 8 Envelopes for Christmas Card Making Supplies. UK-Made.
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  • Each Christmas picket fence card is made from 300 GSM cardstock and comes pre-cut and pre-scored. Once folded, the cards measure 5.3 x 7 inches or 134mm x 178mm, a convenient size for gifting or mailing. To add even more depth and dimension to your designs, the kit includes double-sided adhesive foam pads, allowing you to create eye-catching layered effects. A set of perfectly sized white envelopes is also included, ensuring your finished Christmas cards are ready to send.
  • Thoughtfully designed and proudly manufactured in the UK, this kit combines quality and creativity to help you produce Christmas and Holiday cards that are as beautiful as they are personal. The detailed instructions included in the kit guide you step-by-step, making it easy for crafters of all skill levels to enjoy - all you need to bring these delightful cards to life is some glue (not included).

That 1843 date is best understood as the origin of the widely credited printed commercial card, not proof that no earlier seasonal greetings or advertisements existed. The National Park Service (NPS) also describes Cole’s commission as what are believed to be the first printed holiday cards.

How Christmas card designs and formats changed

Early Christmas cards borrowed from Valentine designs, using embossed or pierced “paper lace,” layered construction, flowers and religious imagery. During what the V&A calls the Victorian heyday, from 1860 to 1890, printing and finishing methods made cards more elaborate. Chromolithography enabled colourful images; makers also used metallic inks, fabric appliqué and die-cut shapes. Common scenes included robins, holly, evergreens, snow, churches, Christmas dinner, Santa, children’s games and pantomime characters.

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Katy Sue Christmas Flower Pots Card Making Kit. Contains 8 x 300 GSM Cards, Envelopes, 3D Die-Cut Decoupage, Paper Bows, Sticky Foam Pads & 2 Sheets of Christmas Sentiment Banners
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Elaborate cards were not equally affordable to everyone. The NPS notes that the cost of cards and postage could limit who sent them; some people may have made their own cards or sent handwritten letters instead. A cheaper postcard format gained popularity after Britain’s Half Penny Post began in 1894, according to the V&A. These developments describe particular periods and places, not a uniform change in access everywhere.

How Christmas cards developed in the United States

Early Christmas cards were imported into the United States in the 1850s and 1860s, the NPS reports. Louis Prang began manufacturing Christmas cards in Roxbury, Massachusetts, in 1873. The Greeting Card Association identifies 1875 as the year Prang introduced a complete American line. Those dates refer to separate milestones: the start of manufacturing and the later complete line.

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COCHIE 24 Sets Christmas Card Making Kits 3D Christmas Tree Card Making Craft Kits for Kids Holiday Greeting Cards Bulk for Home Classroom Activities
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Choosing a card to send

Start with the message, quantity and time you have. A boxed assortment is convenient when you need many cards; an individual card lets you choose a design for one recipient. Commercially printed cards provide a finished design, while a handmade or printable card gives you room to add your own artwork and wording. Options include a standard printed greeting, a handwritten note, a custom message or a photo design. These are format and personalization choices, not a guarantee that any particular design or service is currently available.

For a painter, making a card can turn a small original image—such as a winter landscape, a holly sprig or a candlelit window—into a personal seasonal greeting. You can make one original card or print several copies of a design. If you need a substantial quantity, compare the time required to make them with the convenience of a boxed assortment.

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How to make a printable Christmas card

The NPS recommends cardstock for a sturdier printable card. Use a printer and paper suitable for your design, then finish each card by hand:

  1. Print the card design on cardstock.
  2. Fold the sheet in half.
  3. Write a personal message inside.
  4. Place the card in an envelope and address it.
  5. Check postage and delivery information with the postal operator for your mailing location and destination, then send it.

For an original painted card, create the artwork on paper that can pass through your printer if you plan to reproduce it, or paint directly on a folded card blank. Let wet media dry fully before folding or inserting the card into its envelope.

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Koqye Christmas Scrapbook Kit, 157‑Piece DIY Holiday Craft Supplies
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When should you mail Christmas cards?

There is no single mailing date or postage rule that applies worldwide. Timing depends on where the card is sent from, where it is going, the mail service and the date you send it. Check current deadlines and postage with the postal operator serving the origin and destination. The USPS page on historical rates and statistics is a historical resource, not a source for current postage or Christmas mailing deadlines: USPS historical rates and statistics.

What to write in a Christmas card

A brief personal message is often enough: greet the recipient, share a warm wish or a specific note, and sign your name. For someone you know well, a detail about the year or a memory can make a printed card feel personal. For a less familiar recipient, keep the wording simple and considerate. The choice between a standard greeting and a handwritten message is yours; the original 1843 card also left room for recipients to add a greeting by hand.

How common are Christmas cards today?

The V&A reports that around a billion Christmas cards are bought in the UK each year. This is the museum’s estimate, not a newly measured figure or a global sales total. The museum also says its national collection contains more than 30,000 greeting cards, over half of them Christmas cards. These figures describe the collection and the museum’s UK estimate, not current sales everywhere.

Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.

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