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Cornell researchers created an ultrablack textile from merino wool and reported an average total reflectance of 0.13%. Fashion design student Zoe Alvarez used the material as the centerpiece of a riflebird-inspired dress. It does not literally trap all light: the striking result is exceptionally low measured reflectance, not zero.
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- ✨️Excellent Fabric: This velvet fabric is composed of 90% polyester fiber and 10% spandex, which allows it to stretch and recover while maintaining its shape and softness.And is easy to cut and not prone to pilling.
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What is the fabric that traps all light?
It is a Cornell-developed ultrablack wool textile, not a Vantablack coating. The team treated white merino wool with polydopamine—a synthetic form of melanin—then used plasma etching to leave nanoscale fibrils on the fiber surfaces. The material’s dark treatment and textured fibers work together to reduce light reflected back toward the viewer.
The design draws on the magnificent riflebird’s black feathers. Cornell senior author Larissa Shepherd, an assistant professor in the Department of Human Centered Design and director of the Responsive Apparel Design Lab, explained the inspiration: “Polydopamine is a synthetic melanin, and melanin is what these creatures have. And the riflebird has these really interesting hierarchical structures, the barbules, along with the melanin. So we wanted to combine those aspects in a textile.”
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How the surface keeps light from bouncing back out
Nanoscale fibrils create a structure in which incoming light can bounce repeatedly rather than reflect directly away. Cornell researcher Hansadi Jayamaha described the effect: “The light basically bounces back and forth between the fibrils, instead of reflecting back out – that’s what creates the ultrablack effect.”
Does the fabric really absorb all light?
No. Cornell’s 2025 account reports an average total reflectance of 0.13% and describes the textile as the darkest fabric then reported. The release uses “ultrablack” for materials reflecting less than 0.5% of incoming light. The reported result is extremely low reflection, not zero reflection; it should not be restated as a universal or condition-free absorption figure.
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- SILKY SATIN FABRIC: Soft satin fabric is made of high-quality 100 percent polyester (Satin). Satin cloth fabric has a smooth touch with charming and shiny colors, you can make different satin products according to your needs. Machine washable, reusable, not easy to wrinkle and fade.
- WIDE APPLICATION RANGE: The silky fabric adopts seamless design with neat edges. You can use it to make table decorations such as satin table runners, satin napkins, satin tablecloths, satin chair sashes. It can also be used to make satin bonnet, satin scrunchies, satin head scarf, satin tie, wedding dress, gowns, costumes.
- WONDERFUL & ATTRACTIVE GIFT: Charmeuse satin fabric can also be used to make various handicrafts, such as satin ribbon roses, satin ribbon bows, etc, You can use satin fabric to make gifts for your wife, parents, children and friends, handmade gifts will blow them away.
- QUALITY ASSURANCE: VACVELT is committed to providing cheap and cheerful bed set for customers. In order to bring you a high-quality shopping experience, we promise that if you are not satisfied with our products or have any questions, please feel free to contact us, we will provide you with a satisfactory reply within 24 hours, you can buy with confidence.
Cornell also reports that the textile remained ultrablack across a 120-degree angular span—up to 60 degrees either side of straight-on viewing. That describes the reported material and viewing range, not a guarantee that every piece or lighting setup will appear identical. Cornell’s account names the paper as “Ultrablack Wool Textiles Inspired by Hierarchical Avian Structure,” published in Nature Communications on November 26, 2025.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.How did they make a dress from ultrablack fabric?
Fashion design management student Zoe Alvarez ’25 made a black strapless dress featuring the wool textile as its centerpiece, with an iridescent blue accent. Inspired by the magnificent riflebird, the dress served as a visual demonstration of the unusual surface: the deep black textile set against the vivid blue made the contrast immediately legible.
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The dress is a design demonstration, not evidence of a retail garment or a fabric currently offered for sale.
Can you buy the Cornell ultrablack fabric?
Commercial availability is not established. At the time of Cornell’s account, the team had applied for provisional patent protection through Cornell’s Center for Technology Licensing and hoped to form a company around the process. That reported status does not confirm a company, license, product launch, or consumer sales.
How it differs from other ultrablack materials
“Ultrablack” describes an optical effect, not one interchangeable material. Substrate, surface structure, wavelength range, and intended use differ among these examples, so their reported figures should not be used as a direct ranking.
Quick Recap
| Material | Substrate and structure | Reported result or use |
|---|---|---|
| Cornell textile | Polydopamine-treated merino wool with plasma-etched nanoscale fibrils | Average total reflectance of 0.13%; reported ultrablack across a 120-degree angular span. Demonstrated in Alvarez’s dress. |
| Japanese research material | Carbon-black-filled silicone sheet with transferred microcavity structures | QST Japan’s 2019 release reports absorption of at least 99.5% across ultraviolet, visible, and infrared ranges, and at least 99.9% in thermal infrared. The work emphasizes flexible, durable optical and thermal applications, not apparel. |
| Musou Black Fabric KIWAMI | Rayon pile textile | Presented commercially for photography and precision optics; its product page does not establish it as Cornell’s textile or as a proven apparel substitute. |
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